પ્રેરણારુપ પંક્તિઓરે ઓરે ઓ અભાગી ! દીવો ન ધરે
કોઇ,
કરતા જાળ
કરોળિયો, ભોંય
પડી પછડાય|
Finance
Commission
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Year of
Establishment
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Chairman
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Operational
Duration
|
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1951
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1952–57
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1956
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1957–62
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1960
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A.K. Chanda
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1962–66
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1964
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P.V. Rajamannarr
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1966–69
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1968
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Mahaveer Tyagi
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1969–74
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1972
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K. Brahmananda Reddy
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1974–79
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1977
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J.M. Shelat
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1979–84
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1983
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1984–89
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1987
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1989–95
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1992
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Late shri K.C. Pant
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1995–2000
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1998
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A.M.Khusro
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2000–2005
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2003
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2005–2010
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2007
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2010–2015
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2012
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2015–2020
|
First Plan
(1951 - 56) |
It
was based on Harrod-Domar Model.
|
Community
Development Program launched in 1952
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Focus
on agriculture, price stability, power and transport
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It
was a successful plan primarily because of good harvests in the last two
years of the plan
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Second Plan
(1956 - 61) Target Growth: 4.5% Actual Growth: 4.27% |
Also
called Mahalanobis Plan named after the well known economist
|
Focus
- rapid industrialization
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Advocated
huge imports through foreign loans.
|
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Shifted
basic emphasis from agriculture to industry far too soon.
|
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During
this plan, prices increased by 30%, against a decline of 13% during the First
Plan
|
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Third Plan
(1961 - 66) |Target Growth: 5.6% Actual Growth: 2.84% |
At
its conception, it was felt that Indian economy has entered a take-off stage.
Therefore, its aim was to make India a 'self-reliant' and 'self-generating'
economy.
|
Based
on the experience of first two plans, agriculture was given top priority to
support the exports and industry.
|
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Complete
failure in reaching the targets due to unforeseen events - Chinese aggression
(1962), Indo-Pak war (1965), severe drought 1965-66
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Three Annual Plans (1966-69)
Plan holiday for 3years.
|
Prevailing
crisis in agriculture and serious food shortage necessitated the emphasis on
agriculture during the Annual Plans
|
During
these plans a whole new agricultural strategy was implemented. It involving
wide-spread distribution of high-yielding varieties of seeds, extensive use
of fertilizers, exploitation of irrigation potential and soil
conservation.
|
|
During
the Annual Plans, the economy absorbed the shocks generated during the Third
Plan
|
|
It
paved the path for the planned growth ahead.
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Fourth Plan
(1969 - 74) Target Growth: 5.7% Actual Growth: 3.30% |
Main
emphasis was on growth rate of agriculture to enable other sectors to move
forward
|
First
two years of the plan saw record production. The last three years did not
measure up due to poor monsoon.
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Influx
of Bangladeshi refugees before and after 1971 Indo-Pak war was an important
issue
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Fifth Plan
(1974-79) Target Growth: 4.4% Actual Growth: 3.8 |
The
fifth plan was prepared and launched by D.D. Dhar.
|
It
proposed to achieve two main objectives: 'removal of poverty' (Garibi Hatao)
and 'attainment of self reliance'
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Promotion
of high rate of growth, better distribution of income and significant growth
in the domestic rate of savings were seen as key instruments
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The
plan was terminated in 1978 (instead of 1979) when Janta Party Govt. rose to
power.
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Rolling Plan
(1978 - 80) |
There
were 2 Sixth Plans. Janta Govt. put forward a plan for 1978-1983. However,
the government lasted for only 2 years. Congress Govt. returned to power in
1980 and launched a different plan.
|
Sixth Plan
(1980 - 85) Target Growth: 5.2% Actual Growth: 5.66% |
Focus
- Increase in national income, modernization of technology, ensuring
continuous decrease in poverty and unemployment, population control through
family planning, etc.
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Seventh Plan
(1985 - 90) Target Growth: 5.0% Actual Growth: 6.01% |
Focus
- rapid growth in food-grains production, increased employment opportunities
and productivity within the framework of basic tenants of planning.
|
The
plan was very successful, the economy recorded 6% growth rate against the
targeted 5%.
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Eighth Plan
(1992 - 97) |
The
eighth plan was postponed by two years because of political uncertainty at
the Centre
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Worsening
Balance of Payment position and inflation during 1990-91 were the key issues
during the launch of the plan.
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The
plan undertook drastic policy measures to combat the bad economic situation
and to undertake an annual average growth of 5.6%
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Some
of the main economic outcomes during eighth plan period were rapid economic
growth, high growth of agriculture and allied sector, and manufacturing
sector, growth in exports and imports, improvement in trade and current
account deficit.
|
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Ninth Plan
(1997- 2002) Target Growth: 6.5% Actual Growth: 5.35% |
It
was developed in the context of four important dimensions: Quality of life,
generation of productive employment, regional balance and self-reliance.
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Tenth Plan
(2002 - 2007) |
Goals:
|
To
achieve 8% GDP growth rate
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Reduction
of poverty ratio by 5 percentage points by 2007.
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Providing
gainful high quality employment to the addition to the labour force over the
tenth plan period.
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Universal
access to primary education by 2007.
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Reduction
in gender gaps in literacy and wage rates by atleast 50% by 2007.
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Reduction
in decadal rate of population growth between 2001 and 2011 to 16.2%.
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Increase
in literacy rate to 72% within the plan period and to 80% by 2012.
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Reduction
of Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) to 45 per 1000 live births by 2007 and to 28
by 2012.
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Increase
in forest and tree cover to 25% by 2007 and 33% by 2012.
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All
villages to have sustained access to potable drinking water by 2012.
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Cleaning
of all major polluted rivers by 2007 and other notified stretches by 2012.
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Eleventh Plan
(2007 - 2012) |
Goals:
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Accelerate GDP growth
from 8% to 10%. Increase agricultural GDP growth rate to 4% per year.
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Create
70 million new work opportunities and reduce educated unemployment to below
5%.
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Raise
real wage rate of unskilled workers by 20 percent.
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Reduce
dropout rates of children from elementary school from 52.2% in 2003-04 to 20%
by 2011-12. Increase literacy rate for persons of age 7 years or
above to 85%.
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Lower
gender gap in literacy to 10 percentage point. Increase the percentage of
each cohort going to higher education from the present 10% to 15%.
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Reduce infant
mortality rate to 28 and maternal mortality ratio to 1 per
1000 live births
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Reduce Total
Fertility Rate to 2.1
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Provide
clean drinking water for all by 2009. Reduce malnutrition among
children between 0-3 years to half its present level.
Reduce anaemia among women and girls by 50%.
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Raise
the sex ratio for age group 0-6 to 935 by 2011-12 and to 950 by 2016-17
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Ensure
that at least 33 percent of the direct and indirect beneficiaries of all
government schemes are women and girl children
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Ensure
all-weather road connection to all habitation with population 1000 and above
(500 in hilly and tribal areas) by 2009, and ensure coverage of all
significant habitation by 2015
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Connect
every village by telephone by November 2007 and provide broadband
connectivity to all villages by 2012
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Increase
forest and tree cover by 5 percentage points.
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Attain WHO standards
of air quality in all major cities by 2011-12.
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Treat
all urban waste water by 2011-12 to clean river waters.
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Increase
energy efficiency by 20 percentage points by 2016-17.
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Twelth
Plan
(2012–2017)
|
Twelfth Five-Year Plan of the has decided for the growth rate at 8.2% but
the National Development Council (NDC) on 27 Dec 2012 approved 8% growth rate
for 12th five-year plan.
With the deteriorating global
situation, the Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission Mr Montek Singh
Ahluwalia has said that achieving an average growth rate of 9 percent in the
next five years is not possible. The Final growth target has been set at 8%
by the endorsement of plan at the National Development Council meeting held
in New Delhi.
"It is not possible to
think of an average of 9% (in 12th Plan). I think somewhere between 8 and 8.5
percent is feasible,” Mr Ahluwalia said on the sidelines of a conference of
State Planning Boards and departments. The approached paper for the 12th
Plan, approved last year, talked about an annual average growth rate of 9%.
“When I say feasible... that
will require major effort. If you don’t do that, there is no God given right
to grow at 8 percent. I think given that the world economy deteriorated very
sharply over the last year...the growth rate in the first year of the 12th
Plan (2012-13) is 6.5 to 7 percent.”
He also indicated that soon he
would share his views with other members of the Commission to choose a final
number (economic growth target) to put before the country’s NDC for its
approval.
The government intends to
reduce poverty by 10% during the 12th Five-Year Plan. Mr Ahluwalia said, “We
aim to reduce poverty estimates by 9% annually on a sustainable basis during
the Plan period.”
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